Improvement in turbine water-wheels



c. a c. o. KROGH. 4. TURBINE WATER-WH E ELS.

Patented Aug. 21,1877.

liliii UNITED STATES;

PATENT OFFICE.

CASPER KROGH AND CARL O. KROGH, OF KROGHVILLE, WISCONSIN.

IMPROVEMENT IN TURBINE WATER-WHEELS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 194,445, dated August21, 1877 application filed April 21, 1877.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CASPER KROGH and CARL O. Knoen, of Kroghville, inthe county of Jeflerson and Stateof Wisconsin, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Turbine Water-Wheels and we do hereby declarethat the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof,which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,which form a part of this specification, and in which- Figure 1 is a topplan. Fig. 2 is a vertical section, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view, ofthe gate detached. 7

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

This invention relates to that class of turbine water-wheels whichrevolvewithout an outer casing or box; and it consists in theconstruction and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully shown anddescribed.

In the drawing, A is the frame. To the center of this is pivoted ashaft, 12, carrying the turbine B. This consists of two tubes or bands,0 C, slightly conical in shape, being wider at the bottom than at thetop. One of these bands, C, is of a less diameter than the other, C,within which it is placed. D D are the buckets. These consist of bladesof metal or other suitable material, placed spirally between the bands 0C, which are in this manner secured together. The spiral of each bucketshould extend around at least onefourth of the circumference of thebands C C, in order to obtain the highest possible percentage of power.

G is the gate-cover. This is provided with a center hub, g, for the axleor shaft b; and it consists of a circular plate, completely covering theturbine, beyond which it projects, so as to be firmly attached to frameA. The cover G has two downward-projecting rims, of, one of which, e,fits inside band C, and the other, f, outside band 0. Between these rimsare the gate-openings h h, from which inclines i t lead down to thebuckets, in order to cause the water to strike these with the greatestpossible force. The number of gate-openings should exceed the number ofbuckets, in order that the Water passing through more than onegate-opening may constantly act on each bucket, this having been foundin practice to be most desirable.

The gates K are of the construction clearly shown in Fig. 3 of thedrawings. They consist of fiat pieces of metal, large enough to fullycover the openings h. They slide between upward-projecting rims l 1 uponcover G, and are operated simultaneously by radial arms m of a disk, M,which rotates around the center hub g of cover G. The connection betweenthe gates K and arms In may be formed by upward-projecting pins n uponthe gates,

working in corresponding perforations in arms m, or in any othersuitable manner.

Each of the gates K has an inclined plate, L, projecting downwardlythrough the openings h, parallel to the inclines z. thus formingchannels of equal width throughout, through which the water is conductedto the buckets in steady and unbroken streams, the result of which isthat the power derived from this source is much greater than in turbineswhere the streams of water passing through the gates are shattered bythe vacuums existing under the solid parts of the gate-cover.

The operation and advantages of our improved turbine water-wheel will bereadily understood from the foregoing description.

When the gates are opened the water from the fiume passes through thechannels between inclines i and L, strikes the buckets D, and passesout, forcing the wheel around. A certain quantity of wateris alwayscarried around with the wheel, which, by the centrifugal motion of this,is forced against its outer walls, thus creating considerable friction.This is compensated for by the conical shape of the turbine, the powerof which is in this way increased considerably. Owing to the rims e f ofcover G, no drop of water is allowed to escape without first doingservice in the wheel; and, finally, the box or casing usually employedwith wheels of this nature is entirely dispensed with, thus doing awaywith the friction caused by the sheet of water invariably found betweenthe revolving wheel and such casing.

Having thus described our invention, we claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent of the United States- 1. The turbine B, in combinationwith the K, having inclines L, substantially as and for gate-cover G,having openings h and inclines the purpose hereinbefore set forth. 6,disk M, having radial arms m, and gates K, In testimony that we claimthe foregoing as having inclines L, substantially as and for the our ownwe have hereto affixed our signatures purpose herein shown andspecified. v in presence of two witnesses.

2. The combination of the turbine B conv structed as described, with thegate-cover G, having downward-projecting rims e f, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth. Witnesses:

3. In a turbine water-wheel constructed AUGUST CREBELL,

substantially as herein described, the gates, 7 JAMES M. KISTRODE.

